The copyright of all articles published in the International Jordanian Journal Aryam for Humanities and Social Sciences (IJJA) is retained by the authors.

All published articles are made available under an Open Access license. By submitting a manuscript to IJJA, authors agree to publish their work under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

This license allows:

• ✔ Sharing — copying and redistributing the material in any medium or format
• ✔ Adaptation — remixing, transforming, and building upon the material for any purpose, even commercially

As long as proper credit is given to the original authors and source.

Full license details are available at:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Author Rights

Authors retain the following rights without restriction:

• Reuse of the article in future books or research
• Distribution to colleagues or students
• Archiving in institutional or public repositories
• Posting the article on personal or institutional websites

provided that proper citation to the published version in IJJA is included.

Permissions

Authors are responsible for obtaining written permission for:

• Reusing figures, tables, or images from previously published works
• Any copyrighted materials included in the manuscript
• Third-party data or materials

Proof of permission must be provided upon request.