Abstract: The research touched on asylum and its political dimensions among the countries of the ancient Near East in the modern Assyrian era (911-612 BC), a historical and analytical study. It was divided into four main axes, the first of which dealt with political asylum between Mesopotamia and Elam, while the second axis dealt with political asylum between the countries of Assyria and the countries of Al-Mushku, and we studied in the third axis political asylum between Palestine and Egypt. As for the fourth and final axis, we showed    political asylum among all the countries of the ancient Near East.    From the whole research it became clear that most of the refugees were either major opponents of the governments of their countries, or rebels against the Assyrian authority in southern Mesopotamia and Syria. What allowed them to seek refuge in other countries in the ancient Near East, in addition to the proximity of the countries to which they sought refuge from their own countries, were several political factors, most notably the conflicts that existed in the modern Assyrian era between the Assyrians and the countries that were in conflict over control of their areas of influence in the Near East. The ancient, such as Elam, Egypt, and Meshko. Most of the refugees aimed for asylum, and in addition to penetrating their skins, they coordinate with the governments of the countries in which they sought refuge in order to help them in one way or another to return to their areas and take over their rule again or for the first time. This was not achieved for many of them, as they fell into the grip of the ruling authorities for their countries for one reason or another, or they died under several circumstances. It also became clear that relations had deteriorated between the countries from which they were wanted and the countries that received them as refugees. In fact, the relations of Assyria with Elam and Shupria have deteriorated due to the refugee issue, when fierce battles took place between the two sides.

Keywords: Asylum, countries of the ancient Near East, Neo-Assyrian era.