Articles, Appeasement, and Treaties in the Islamic State- Dr. Hana Salem Daye |Pages: 138-162|

Abstract: Treaties are a very important tool for managing the foreign relations of the Arab-Islamic state, due to reasons including that treaties are based on the principle of mutual consent between their parties, defining rights and arranging obligations arising from them. This makes treaties a better tool in exchanging relations and broadcasting the spirit of cooperation between the Arab-Islamic state and other countries. A treaty acts as a legal guarantee for the respect and implementation of obligations, because it is made by the will of its parties. The obligations of the Arab-Islamic state are covered by the duty to respect covenants stipulated in the Qur’an and Sunnah. Treaties regulate peaceful relations between states, spread the call, and extend security, while also providing rules in times of war, such as transfer of the wounded, exchange of prisoners, or other war-related matters. The importance of treaties was evident during the era of the Messenger (PBUH) and the Rightly Guided Caliphs, who concluded treaties with non-Islamic countries to regulate relations in peace and war. As Muslim contact with other countries increased, treaties became essential tools to secure and organize communication. Jurists then established rules regarding their drafting, editing, vetoing, arranging, and coordinating provisions between Muslims and non-Muslims. This research discusses the definition of treaties, their legitimacy, ruling, conditions, form, duration, and fulfillment.